Innovative Leaf-Scanning Technology Helps Farmers Assess Fruit Ripeness

Farmers may soon have a revolutionary way to determine fruit ripeness without sacrificing yield. Researchers at Universitat Rovira i Virgili in Spain have developed a technique that analyzes the leaves of fruit trees rather than the fruit itself. This innovative method could significantly enhance agricultural efficiency by allowing farmers to assess ripeness without harvesting fruit prematurely.

During an 11-week study, scientists tested the technology on 12 nectarine trees in a commercial orchard. The technology employs two spectrometers, which perform scans using near-infrared and mid-infrared light. By examining the top and underside of leaves adjacent to the fruit, the system can determine ripeness based on how leaves absorb or reflect the emitted light.

Dr. Daniel Schorn, a member of the research team, explained that “the leaves undergo physiological and biochemical changes as the fruit ripens, due to the direct connection between the metabolism of the leaves and that of the fruit.” This relationship is captured in what researchers refer to as the leaves’ “spectral fingerprint.”

The early results demonstrate that this method effectively indicates key ripeness metrics such as fruit weight and firmness. While other important factors, including sugar content, pH, and acidity, are not as reliably measured at this stage, the researchers are optimistic that future developments will enhance these capabilities.

Currently, conventional methods for assessing fruit ripeness involve scanning the fruit itself, which can leave marks on the skin and diminish market value. The new leaf-scanning technology presents a more efficient solution that retains the integrity of the fruit while providing accurate assessments.

Looking ahead, the researchers aim to utilize portable scanners for field assessments. This advancement would allow farmers to evaluate entire crops based on representative samples and enable selective picking of ripe fruits from individual trees, leaving unripe fruits to mature further.

The findings of this research have been detailed in a paper published in the journal ACS Agricultural Science & Technology. As the agricultural sector increasingly seeks sustainable practices, this leaf-scanning technology could represent a significant step forward in optimizing fruit harvesting and reducing waste.