Researchers Unveil Innovative Heat Engine to Boost Energy Efficiency

Researchers at Taiyuan University of Technology in China have developed a groundbreaking reverse electrodialysis heat engine (REDHE) that utilizes helium-gap diffusion distillation (HGDD) to enhance energy efficiency. This innovative approach aims to tackle the pressing issues of energy resource depletion and the underutilization of low-grade heat (LGH), typically below 100 °C. The findings were published in the journal Frontiers in Energy.

The study addresses the challenge of converting wasted low-grade heat into electricity through the application of REDHE technology. The integration of HGDD plays a critical role, functioning as a thermal separation unit that operates effectively at normal atmospheric pressure. This compatibility with the reverse electrodialysis (RED) process is a key advancement in the research.

Research findings indicate that by optimizing various parameters—including the molality of the cold stream, inlet temperatures, and the physical dimensions of helium gaps and stream channels—maximum energy conversion efficiency can reach 2.96%. This efficiency was achieved by reducing the helium gap thickness to 3 mm and extending the stream channels to 5 meters. Through the use of a validated mathematical model, the researchers analyzed the impacts of these parameters on the performance of the REDHE, confirming the potential role of HGDD in boosting the conversion of LGH to electricity.

The implications of this research are significant. The advancements in REDHE technology could play a crucial role in alleviating energy shortages and contributing to efforts aimed at reducing carbon emissions. According to Junyong Hu, who led the study, the focus on cleaner, intelligent control in coal and electricity generation is essential for sustainable energy practices.

This work received support from the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province, China, as well as the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation. The research underscores a commitment to innovative solutions that not only improve energy efficiency but also promote environmental sustainability.

The complete study can be found in the journal Frontiers in Energy and is accessible at the following link: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11708-024-0947-3.